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CS/ONH-Analysis
Based on the know-how of many decades Bruker offers innovative solutions for rapid and precise elemental analysis of carbon, sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen.

Carbon and Sulfur Analyzers
The G4 ICARUS Series 2 combustion analyzers are ideal for rapid and precise, simultaneous determination of carbon and sulfur in a large variety of solid materials. The G4 ICARUS Series 2 analyzer with high frequency (HF) induction furnace combines an innovative combustion zone design - ZoneProtectTM - with a unique, fully automatic cleaning system with vacuum-free dust removal. In combination with HighSenseTM detector systems, this results in outstanding applicability and analytical performance with minimum maintenance.

ONH Analyzers
The concentration of Oxygen, Nitrogen and Hydrogen in metals and other inorganic materials, is determined based on the inert gas fusion method (IGF). The solid sample is fused in a graphite crucible at high temperatures in a carrier gas flow and the evolved gases are transported through the detectors. The G6 LEONARDO addresses industrial needs for robust, precise and economical elemental analysis by SampleCareTM and pre-calibrated standard methods. The G8 GALILEO is a high-end analyzer with utmost flexibility, high-throughput and even mass spectrometric detection capabilities. Diffusible hydrogen, e.g. in welds according to ISO 3690 and AWS4 4.3 as well as in high strength steels, either are measured combining an infrared heated furnace to the G8 GALILEO ONH or with the specialized diffusible hydrogen analyzer G4 PHOENIX DH.

G4 ICARUS Series 2
Carbon and Sulfur by Combustion

The combustion analyzer G4 ICARUS Series 2 with high-frequency (HF) induction furnace, ZoneProtectTM and HighSenseTM detection combines outstanding performance with industry-proven usability.

The combustion analyzer G4 ICARUS Series 2 with HF induction furnace and HighSense detection is the ideal instrument for rapid and precise carbon (C) and sulfur (S) analysis in solids.

Due to their impact on the material properties, carbon and sulfur are monitored along the whole production process. The need for fast and reliable CS analysis is not limited to iron and steel but also applies to ferrous and non-ferrous metals, their alloys, ceramics, ores, cement, limestone and numerous other inorganic solids.

ZoneProtectTM ensures a clean, fast & efficient combustion

The innovative combustion zone design utilizes a gas extraction nozzle to ensure an optimal, surplus supply of oxygen to the molten sample. Liberated combustion gases and dust particles are instantly purged through the extraction nozzle, while its collar shields the combustion tube from splatters of liquid sample.

A unique, fully automatic cleaning system with brush-free dust removal ensures simultaneous cleaning of the inline dust filter and the gas extraction nozzle while transferring accumulated dust into the crucible for disposal. In conjunction with an integrated high efficiency dust filter with 3µm pore size, ZoneProtectTM creates unrivaled characteristics and performance:

More efficient, faster combustion on a wider variety of samples
Superior gas flow: Instant removal of combustion gases without further dilution for fast and clean analysis
Eliminating splatters and minimizing dust for maximal productivity, component lifetime and analytical quality
Vacuum- and noise-free dust removal system integrated into the combustion zone

The G4 ICARUS Series 2 is equipped with selective solid-state detectors without any moving parts and integrated reference beam channel.

HighSenseTM: High-performance UV-Absorption for SO2

The latest innovations in the field of high-performance light-emitting diodes (UV-LED), enabled the development of a SO2 detector with outstanding performance. As UV absorption is much more efficient than IR absorption, this results in lower detection limits suitable even for trace analysis. In addition this kind of gas analysis is not affected by interferences of water molecules or thermal fluctuations.
The new HighSenseTM platform comes with a dedicated reference channel to eliminate drifts and provide utmost baseline and calibration stability. The measuring cell is equipped with an inert coating to avoid “carry-over” effects and corrosion. The result is a SO2 detector that outperforms the NDIR technique in every aspect.

Versatility for research combined with industry proven reliability

The analytical performance gained by the combination of HighSenseTM detectors and ZoneProtectTM furnace technologies provides the analytical flexibility, performance for research while extending its proven efficiency, robustness, speed and long-term stability required in industrial environments.

Technical Data

Sample Types: Inorganic, dry, any form or shape

Typical Samples: Ferrous and nonferrous metals and their alloys, ores, cement, limestone, glass, ceramics, soils

Sample carrier: Ceramic crucibles (standard form)

Sample weight: 0.1 – 1 g (typical 0.5 g)

Furnace: High frequency induction furnace, power adjustable with ZoneProtect™

Detectors:
Carbon - Dual-range NDIR detector with reference beam path
Sulfur - HighSense™ NDUV2) detector with reference beam path

Carrier Gas:
Oxygen 99.95% purity
(99.995% required for trace carbon)
3.5 bar (50 psi) min. pressure

Compressed air:
5 bar (72.5 psi) min. pressure, oil-, water- and particle-free

Speed:
Analysis Time - 40 s (nominal)
Complete Cycle Time - < 1 min (typical)

Calibration: Single and multipoint calibration with solid standards

Reagents:
- Magnesium perchlorate
- Sodium hydroxide on support
- Platinized silica

Power Supply:
230 VAC (± 10 %); L1 N; -> 50-60 Hz; 16 A; 2.7 kVA
208 VAC (± 10 %); L1 L2; -> 50-60 Hz; 16 A; 2.7 kVA

Applications

Iron, Steel, Cobalt & Nickel
Cast Iron
Case Hardening
Metal Processing
Cement
Limestone, Lime and Dolomite
Ores & Minerals
Glass & Ceramics

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G6 LEONARDO
Highest Reliability and ECOnomics

The G6 LEONARDO with FusionControl and SampleCareTM achieves the highest level of robustness and economics for industrial process- and quality-control.
The G6 LEONARDO is based on the inert gas fusion (IGF) principle, which involves fusion of the sample material in a graphite crucible at high temperatures. The gas fusion analysis (GFA) principle is also commonly termed melt extraction (ME) since the total oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen is extracted by an inert carrier gas when the sample melts.
The three non-metals Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N) and Hydrogen (H) determine the quality, service life and mechanical properties of all metallic materials. Unlike metallic alloy components, the amount of O, N and H sometimes changes considerably along the entire process chain, from the production of raw materials to the completion of the finished product. Even when present in trace amounts, O, N and H have a very critical effect on the material properties.

Optimized with user-friendly features

The G6 LEONARDO with SampleCareTM technology deploys the reliable Smart Molecule SequenceTM for robust and precise elemental analysis of ONH. With its pre-calibrated standard methods and argon carrier gas instead of helium, the G6 LEONARDO addresses the needs of industrial process and quality control for easy and cost-effective operation.
The G6 LEONARDO is available as single (O, N, or H) or dual element (ON or OH) analyzer. The analyzer comes with preconfigured methods for standard applications like: ON or H in steel and titanium, O in copper, OH in magnetic materials and metal powders for additive manufacturing and is also applicable for other inorganic material like glass and ceramics.

FusionControl & SampleCareTM for Highest Accuracy and Reliability

The aim of an IGF analysis is to determine the sample content of the light elements O, N and H in the trace range with absolute accuracy. That is why our G6 LEONARDO applies the Smart Molecule SequenceTM and measures the gases emitted by the sample directly, absolutely unchanged, 1:1, with proven scientific principles for trustworthy results. It also allows oxygen determination without additional chemicals, ensuring high reliability and low cost of ownership.

FusionControl - Temperature matters

The temperature applied to the sample is the most important parameter for an accurate analysis. FusionControl in the G6 LEONARDO prevents overheating and the formation of hydrocarbons and other undesirable byproducts. Thanks to FusionControl’s exact sample temperature control, the traditional approach of heating up the sample as high as possible is no longer necessary.

Highest Reliability and ECOnomics

The G6 LEONARDO introduces SampleCareTM into oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen analysis to achieve the highest level of robustness and economics for industrial applications.
SampleCareTM consists of:
EZDriveTM, the proven electronic motion module for automatic and torque limited positioning of the crucible, operating without additional need for compressed air. It ensures improved electrical contact between crucible and electrodes, while protecting the crucible against damage The sample port integrated into the water-cooled furnace protects delicate samples from undesirable heating and hydrogen losses for better hydrogen results High capacity dust trap and in-line particle filtering system.

G6 LEONARDO – Simplicity @ its best

SampleCareTM, Smart Molecule SequenceTM including FusionControl and ready-to-use precalibrated methods for many industrial standard applications make the G6 LEONARDO a great choice for process and quality control in primary metal manufacturing and processing, ceramics, and powder metallurgical processes.

Technical Data

Sample Types: Inorganic, dry, any form or shape

Sample Dimensions: 8 x 8 mm cross section (pieces, chips, pins, granules), different sample ports available for special applications

Detectors:
Oxygen - Nondispersive IR absorption of CO, no moving parts, multiple range detectors with reference beam and on-board linearization
Nitrogen and Hydrogen - Thermal conductivity detector with reference channel and adjustable gain amplifier

Furnace: Water-cooled Electrode Furnace with FusionControl

SampleCareTM:
EZDrive - Lower electrode movement by reliable electronic motion module
Sample Port - Rotating sample port integrated into water cooled furnace block
Particle Filtering - High-capacity dust trap followed by in-line particle filtering

Cooling Water: 4 l/min at 3 bar supply pressure

Carrier Gas:
Ar (O, N), He (O, N), N2 (H) each 99.995 % purity
(99.9990 % for trace analysis)

Calibration: Single and multipoint calibration, advanced weighting algorithm with error bars and range merging

Reagents:
- Magnesium perchlorate
- Sodium hydroxide on support
- Copper oxide, rare earth base (N-model)
- Schuetze reagent (H-model)

Power Supply:
400 - 480 VAC (± 10 %), 50-60 Hz, 32 A, 7 kVA, 1 Phase plus N or 2 Phase, grounding wire
230 VAC (± 10 %), 50-60 Hz, 64 A, 7 kVA available as option

Models Available: Single or dual element O, N, H, ON, OH

Dimensions and Weight: 71 x 66 x 78 cm (W x D x H), ~145 kg

Applications

Iron, Steel, Cobalt, Nickel, Ferroalloys
Copper Production
Titanium, Zirconium and other Refractory Metals
Metal Processing
Aluminum and Magnesium
Magnetic Materials
Powder Metallurgy and Additive Manufacturing
Glass & Ceramics

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G8 GALILEO ONH
High Performance Oxygen, Nitrogen and Hydrogen Analyzer

The high-end analyzer G8 GALILEO is designed for the automatic and precise determination of oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen in solid materials. The G8 GALILEO ONH is a high-end instrument designed for the rapid and automatic determination of oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen in solid materials. This analyzer is based on the inert gas fusion (IGF) principle, which involves fusion of the sample material in a graphite crucible at high temperatures.

The gas fusion analysis (GFA) principle is also commonly termed a melt extraction (ME) since the total oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen composition is extracted via sample melting.When combined with an external, infrared heated furnace, the G8 GALILEO can measure the diffusible hydrogen content in many sample materials, e.g. in welds according to ISO 3690 and AWS4 4.3 as well as in high strength steel.
Coupling a mass spectrometer to the G8 GALILEO analyzer leads to a substantially improved detection limit for the determination of ultra-low diffusible hydrogen concentrations e.g., in high strength steels. This Thermal Desorption Mass Spectrometry (TDMS) technique improves the detection limit by more than one order of magnitude compared to a TCD.

The G8 GALILEO, inert gas fusion analyzer, is available with facilities for analyzing all three elements O, N and H, as dual analyzer for two elements and as single-element analyzer for oxygen, nitrogen or hydrogen.

Software

The intuitive analysis software of the G8 GALILEO shows a clear user interface. Different tasks from the user workflow like measurement, input of the analysis parameters, statistical evaluation and calibration of the analyzer are clearly divided into four main views.

Features & Benefits

Programmable temperature of the electrode furnace (inert gas fusion principle), contact-free optical sensor for temperature measurement and precise control
Simple change-over by software from simultaneous oxygen and nitrogen measurement to the determination of hydrogen; external furnace for diffusible hydrogen as an option
High stability detection system with NDIR detector for CO and thermal conductivity cell for N2 and H2 with automatic base line control and optimum range selection for all elements
Optional automatic furnace cleaning with dust removal, automatic crucible changer and sample loader
Optional quadrupole mass spectrometer for diffusible Hydrogen for the measurement of ultra-low hydrogen concentrations and the study and characterization of hydrogen traps in steel

The high-end analyzer G8 GALILEO is designed for the automatic and precise determination of oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen in solid materials.

The G8 GALILEO ONH can be used for numerous applications in process and quality control and materials research. The wide variety of materials in multiple configurations such as pins, granules or powder ranges from iron and steel, non-ferrous metals and alloys, like Al, Cu, Ni, Co, Ti, Zr and many others to ores, ceramics, oxides and nitrides. Main hot extraction application with the optional infrared furnace is the determination of diffusible hydrogen in welds and steel materials, especially in high strength steel.

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G4 PHOENIX DH
High Performance Analyzer for diffusible Hydrogen

The G4 PHOENIX DH hot extraction analyzer is the right solution for accurate and rapid diffusible hydrogen measurement to avoid embrittlement, hydrogen-induced cracking and other costly failures.

Hydrogen-induced damage is a wide-spread and dreaded phenomenon. It manifests in such a manner that a component fails under the influence of mechanical stress - even without visible indication. Thus, hydrogen in steel or welds is critical to assess because of embrittlement, hydrogen induced or assisted cracking (HIC/HAC) or hydrogen delayed fracture among other damaging effects. Obtaining precise information about the hydrogen concentration in the material is crucial for quality control and the development of new materials.

The G4 PHOENIX DH, utilizing the carrier gas hot extraction method, enables a rapid and automatic determination of diffusible hydrogen in a wide variety of matrices. The evolved hydrogen is detected by a sensitive and long-term stable thermal conductivity detector (TCD). Simple and reliable calibration is guaranteed by the integrated, automatic gas dosing unit with 10 different volumes.

The analyzer is equipped with a rapid heating (and cooling) infrared-heated clamshell furnace (up to 900°C). The quartz tube diameter of 30 mm enables the analysis of large samples like steel sheet strips as well as weld coupons according to ISO 3690 and AWS A4.3. The versatile infrared furnace also enables the use of temperature programs and ramping to assess information about different forms of trapped hydrogen. For higher temperatures, especially for the determination of diffusible hydrogen as well as residual Hydrogen, e.g. in steel, the G4 PHOENIX DH can be equipped with an additional wire-heated tube furnace, which can be operated at temperatures up to about 1100°C.

The revolutionary new technique of coupling a mass spectrometer to the carrier gas hot extraction analyzer G4 PHOENIX DH improves the limit of detection by more than one order of magnitude compared to a TCD and enables the determination of ultra-low hygrogen concentrations e.g., in high strength steels. Beside of adding selectivity, e.g. for isotopic species like deuterium, this Thermal Desorption Mass Spectrometry (TDMS) technique provides kinetic information about the diffusible hydrogen when used in conjunction with different heating rates.

Software

The intuitive analysis software of the G4 PHOENIX provides a clear user interface. Different tasks from the user’s workflow like measurement, method setup, calibration and data evaluation are clearly divided into different views.

Features & Benefits

Rapid heating (and cooling) infrared tube furnace offers extensive analytical functionality in temperature programming (ramps and steps)
Quartz tube diameter of 30 mm enables the analysis of large samples such as steel sheet strips and weld coupons according to AWS A4.3 and ISO 3690
Automatic and reliable gas calibration with hydrogen or helium over the entire measurement range by means of the integrated gas dosing unit with 10 different volumes
Optional quadrupole mass spectrometer improves the detection limit by more than one order of magnitude, thus enabling evaluation of ultra-low diffusible hydrogen concentrations and studies of different hydrogen traps in steel

Technical Data

Measuring range: 0.05 – 1000 μg/g hydrogen

Hot extraction furnaces:
Infrared furnace:900°C max., quartz tube diam. 30 mm
Wire-heated furnace: 1100°C max., quartz tube diam. 18 mm

Analysis time*:
approx. 3 min – 2 h
For weld samples typically 15 – 20 min
* Depending on sample material, weight and analysis temp.

Resolution: 0.01 μg/g

Precision*: ±0.05 μg/g or 1 % RSD (whichever is greater)
* Depending on sample material, weight and analysis temp.

Carrier gas: Nitrogen 99,999% purity, min. pressure 2 bar (~50 psi)

Cooling water: approx. 1 l/min (only for IR furnace and only when heating)

Dimensions & weight:
630 x 640 x 650 mm (WxDxH); 50 kg
24.8 x 25.2 x 25.6 inches; 110 lbs.

Electrical supply:
Analyzer: 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 1 kVA
Peripherals: 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 300 VA

Applications

The G4 PHOENIX DH hot extraction analyzer is the right solution for accurate and rapid diffusible hydrogen measurement to avoid embrittlement, hydrogen-induced cracking and other costly failures.
The G4 PHOENIX DH is versatile for diffusible hydrogen applications in a wide variety of materials, like steel, welds, and many others. The infrared furnace offers extensive analytical functionality by providing temperature programming and ramping.